Challenging agroecology through the characterization of farming practices’ diversity in Mediterranean irrigated areas

Identifying locally adapted and adopted efficient practices can be a step towards the agroecological transition of irrigated plains Southern Mediterranean region. However, these types - often little known are drowned within wide range practices. The objective this study was, first, to elaborate method describe diversity in semi-arid landscape, at both plot farm scales; second, show main characteristics crop management; third, question their sustainability according principles. To do so, paper focused on cropping systems as i) studies management routes scarce with regard region; ii) landscapes for high level natural, technical financial constraints, favoring more intensive farming regarding chemical inputs. A series semi-directive interviews were conducted order assess farmers’ chili-pepper-based (Capsicum annuum) systems, widespread Merguellil plain, Central Tunisia. "Typ-iti” method, combining multivariate analysis, clustering association rules, was used characterize (TMR) systems. environmental qualitatively accessed by classifying clusters TMRs obtained potential impact natural resources. Then, associated some structural characteristics, analyze level. These enabled distinguish gradient respectively scales relative impacts. showed that agroecology-compatible coexisted conventional Our characterized three groups: group input powered especially tenant farmers, an intermediary iii) moderate land owners. Throughout groups, seven described. always comprised agroecology non-agroecology-compatible operations. This coexistence diversely impacting challenges multiple ways. Fertilization appeared major issue zone, resulting applied doses. findings could allow actors charge agriculture better focus action. did not take into account outputs studied so productivity impacts have yet been assessed quantitative manner. For future studies, paragons from our analysis typical cases such purpose.